A wake-promoting medicine studied in diagnosed sleep disorders. Measured wakefulness, felt alertness and everyday performance are different outcomes.
Modafinil is a racemic medicine used for excessive sleepiness in defined clinical settings. Human imaging links it to dopamine transporter occupancy. Sleep-disorder trials do not establish a broad cognitive benefit in healthy, rested people.
Clinical and mechanistic findings are shown separately. Each claim remains a sourced draft.
Assessment belongs to each claim and outcome. An article’s editorial status is not a grade of a substance’s safety or efficacy.PET measurements support transporter occupancy and altered extracellular dopamine in the studied men. [3]
Descriptions of experience in their reported context. Direction does not imply benefit, and these observations do not define a universal intensity score.
Participants reported reduced sleepiness, although substantial residual sleepiness remained. [2]
What the research measured, for whom, and under which exposure. Findings remain attached to the study’s task or clinical endpoint.
Laboratory sleep latency improved modestly relative to placebo; wakefulness did not normalize. [2]
Published exposure records, distinguished by source category. These describe study or reference context and are not personal dosing recommendations.
200 mg [2]
Study exposure, not a regimen for self-directed sleep deprivation.
Absorption, metabolism and elimination depend on the analyte, route, formulation, physiology and other exposures.
Effective half-life after repeated oral exposure; R- and S-modafinil have different kinetics. [1]
Measured analyte: Modafinil (racemate; effective repeated-dose estimate). Route: Oral. Formulation: Tablet. Population: Adults in prescribing-label pharmacokinetic studies.
Repeated exposure; this effective estimate does not describe both enantiomers independently.
Read the source context ↗15 hoursApproximate estimate [1]
Repeated exposure; this effective estimate does not describe both enantiomers independently.
Adverse effects, interactions, tolerance and withdrawal in the cited contexts. This section is not an exhaustive interaction checker.
The label warns about serious rash and hypersensitivity reactions. [1]
Prescribing information describes psychiatric reactions and interactions, including reduced effectiveness of steroidal contraceptives. [1]
Improvement in a sleep-disorder trial did not restore normal alertness for every participant. [2]
The source, the finding and its limitations. Funding information is reported where curated; an unassessed disclosure does not mean a study had no commercial funding.
Formulation-specific pharmacokinetics, warnings and interaction information.
Limitations Formulation-specific labeling; date denotes retrieval, not original approval. It does not establish benefit outside the labeled context.
Funding / disclosures Manufacturer prescribing information hosted by the US National Library of Medicine.
Improved some sleepiness and performance measures during night work.
Limitations Selected clinical population; residual impairment remained. A correction is linked by the publisher.
Funding / disclosures Not assessed in this draft; consult the full article disclosures.
Measured dopamine transporter occupancy and changes in extracellular dopamine.
Limitations Small male-only mechanistic study; cannot establish general cognitive efficacy.
Funding / disclosures NIH and other research support listed in the publication record.
Source of the displayed formula, molecular weight, structure and connectivity SMILES.
Limitations The parent compound identity is distinct from salts, formulations and commercial product quality.
Funding / disclosures US National Library of Medicine.
Each relationship retains its participants, roles and context. Shared membership does not imply that substances should be combined.
Healthy male participants in an acute PET experiment
Limitation Target occupancy is not a clinical outcome and the selected sample limits generalization.
Evidence strength: not formally assessed.
Not assessed. Absence of a legal record is not a statement of legal status.
This article is a sourced draft. Editorial review has not been recorded. Content date: Sep 29, 2026.